How do solar panels actually work?

Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. This process involves the absorption of photons by solar cells, which then generate an electric current.

Main Points:

Photovoltaic Effect: Solar cells in the panels are made of semiconductor materials like silicon. When sunlight hits these cells, it excites electrons, creating an electric current. Inverters: The direct current (DC) electricity generated by the panels is converted to alternating current (AC) by an inverter, including high voltage inverters. AC is the standard form of electricity used in homes. Energy Storage: Excess energy can be stored in batteries, acting as an energy storage molecule, for later use or fed back into the grid, often resulting in credits on your electricity bill through net metering programs.

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